The need for a Rabbi and related questions

[Director Michael]

In Mishneh Torah, Laws of Kings, chapter 8, halacha 10, it says:
"... A person who formally accepts these commands is called a resident alien (ger toshav). This applies in any place."
When it says "this applies in any place," does that mean a gentile, a noahide, could be a ger toshav even if he isn't in the land of Israel? And is this halakhah?

It is halakhah (Torah Law) that during a period of time when all of the 12 Tribes of Israel are settled in their Biblical territories in the Holy Land, under the authority of a Jewish government,
(a) a righteous Gentile may become a legal resident (Ger Toshav) of the Jewish nation through the formal declaration that he accepts upon himself the Noahide Commandments, and
(b) during that time period, a righteous Gentile can make that declaration outside of Land of Israel, to be granted Ger Toshav status, and then if he moves to Israel he will be accepted as a legal resident.

I'm on a facebook which is trying to share and promote information on the noahide laws. we get visits from muslims and xtians asking questions about the Jewish Bible. Although we've adopted a policy regarding many questions to direct them to rabbis, there are some questions I believe we can answer on the peshat, basic level. A Jewess who is part of the group has condemned us for the questions we do answer saying that noahides shouldn't teach others Jewish Scripture. I get the feeling from her that she will not listen to any of the noahides there so I'm hoping you can clear up a few things.
- are noahides allowed to teach other gentiles and noahides anything about the noahide law?

Yes, of course, bearing in mind that "Noahide law" means the Torah Laws for Noahides.
The original source for this knowledge has to be faithful and observant Torah scholars who are expert in this area of Torah. That knowledge has to be disseminated to the Gentiles, to the point that it becomes common knowledge, so people will know what they are and are not permitted to do, in accordance with G-d's commandments.
Once a Gentile has learned something about observance of the Noahide Commandments, he is allowed and encouraged to teach it to others (but he's not required to put himself at risk to do so). This falls within the general obligation of the Noahide Commandment to establish a righteous judicial system, the purpose of which is to have a righteous society that observes these commandments.
- Quoting from "The Divine Code", Part I, topic 8:7: "Likewise, it is an obligation for every person to endeavor to influence those around him to observe those things that they are obligated in, in a way of friendliness and sociability. One who is able to distance those around him from doing wrong, has an obligation to do so, in order to support the foundation of a moral society that will be as G-d wishes, as the prophet says (Isaiah 45:18), 'The world was not created to be void, but properly settled.'"
- From ibid., ch. 4, footnote 99: "This is also apparent from what Rambam writes [about Noahide judges, in Laws of Kings 9:14] ... Therefore, it is logical that just as there is an obligation for the [Noahide] judges to enforce the laws and warn people about them, the same applies for all those [Gentiles] who have the opportunity to prevent another from transgressing, and this is also included in the general precept..." The best way for Gentiles to accomplish this prevention is through educating their fellow Gentiles about what is and is not permitted in G-d's eyes.
- Of great importance is ibid., topic 4:9: "[Gentile] Parents are obligated to provide education to their children, and specifically in the fulfillment of the Noahide Code. This education for the children is an obligation within the commandment of Dinim [Judgments], to strengthen the observance of the Noahide precepts in the world." The Editor's note there advises, "See for example, 'The Principles of Education and Guidance.' by Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn, pub. Kehot." To read this on-line:

https://chabad.org/library/article_cdo/a...idance.htm

- are noahides allowed to teach other gentiles and noahides anything about the Jewish Bible?

Yes. Whatever an observant Noahide is permitted to learn about the Hebrew Bible, which is the correct translation and the traditional (Rabbinical) explanations at the straightforward level, he is permitted to pass along that knowledge to another observant Noahide.

However, as long as a Gentile *persists* in serving idols or following other paths of heresy (such as atheism or paganism), he is forbidden from "involving himself" in Torah study, and if he does so, it is counted as an additional grievous sin in G-d's eyes.

In other words, what exactly are noahides allowed to teach other noahides? And if some things are ok, is there a Jewish source I can direct the Jewess to?

I recommend that you direct her to "The Divine Code", by Rabbi Moshe Weiner: https://asknoah.org/books/the-divine-code